Our Country India

Our country India is a seventh largest country in the world. It is a very big country from Kashmir in the north to the Kanyakumari in the south, it extends for about 3, 200 KMS, from Gujrat in the west to Arunachal Pradesh in the east, it extends for about hundred crore people lives in India. It is the second populous country in the world after china. Our country India is also one of the most beautiful countries.

Our country is not the same every ware some places have high mountains while other have flat land. At some places the land is made up of hard rocks. At other places, it is covered with sand. Thus, India has rivers, lakes, seas and islands as well as, there is a vast variety of landforms.

All along the north are the great Himalaya Mountains ranges. The Himalaya is the highest mountain range in the world. There are many peaks in this mountains.

Mount Everest is the highest peak in the Himalaya Mountain it is also the highest peak in the world. Many rivers start in these mountains. Throughout the year, the mountain peaks are covered with snow and the climate is a very cold there.

The Aravali hills and the Vindhya Range lie in central India. The Satpura range the Neelgiri hills lie in the southern India.

Many parts of our country have flat and level land. These are the plains. To the south of the Himalayas, lie the Great Plains of India. Many rivers like Ganga, Yamuna etc. flow through the plains. These rivers have made the land green and fertile.

There are narrow strips of plain land along the East and West coasts of India. These plains meet at a place called Kanyakumari in the south. 

Rivers like Narmada, Tapi, Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveriflow through these plains and fall into the Bay of Bengal. Plains are generally flat land with fertile soil. Many crops grow here. Here summers are hot and winters are cold. The plains are thickly populated.

The southern part of India which looks like a triangle in shape, has a flat and uneven surface. But it is higher than the surrounding plains. This type of land is called a plateau. In other words, aplateau is highland with a flat surface. The southern plateaus cover the largest part of our country. The land is generally hard and rocky. This area is fertile than the plains.

The central to south of India is a plateau land call the Deccan plateau. Here most of the rivers are small. They depend on the rains for water. Some parts of the plateau are covered with thick forests. Many people live in these forests.

A large area of land covered with sand it called a desert. The north-western part of India is the Indian Desert or the Thar Desert. This part of our country is mostly hot and dry. It rains little in desert areas. Very few plants and trees grow in such places. Summers are very hot with very little or no rainfall. Hence, the number of people living is also very less.

The camel is the most important animal of the dessert. It is called the ship of the dessert. It is used to carry goods from one place to another.

The southern part of India is surrounding by large water bodies on three sides. This type of land is called a peninsula. It is a projection of land into the sea. The Indian peninsula has the Arabian Sea on the western side, the Bay of Bengal on the eastern side and the Indian Ocean on the southern side.

There are many islands in these three water bodies. An island is a piece of land surrounded by water. Some of these islands are part of our country. India has two groups of islands to the east and west ti its mainland. One group of islands is in the Bay of Bengal. These are called the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The other group of islands is in the Arabian Sea. These are called the Lakshadweep Islands.

Land surface is not same throughout India. In the same manner, the climate is too different in different part of our country.

THINGS TO REMEMBER

•  Himalaya, in the northern region of India, is the highest mountain range in the world.
• The southern part of India is a plateau.
• The Northern Plains are very hot in summers and very cold in winter.
• The western part of Rajasthan is a dessert.
• The mountains have a cold climate almost throughout the year.
• In coastal areas, it is neither very hot nor very cold.